Classification of Japanese sentences

VI. Adverbs
Adverbs modify a vervb, an adjective or an adverb which they precede.

Examples
1. Atama ga sukoshi itai desu.
"I have a slight headache."
2. Yukkuri hanashimashita.
"Someone* spoke slowly."
3. Kono kanji wa chotto muzukashii desu.
"This kanji is a little difficult."
(*"Someone" may be the speaker.)

The preceding examples show that adverbs like sukoshi "a little," yukkuri "slowly" and chotto "a little" precede the verb or the adjective they modify.
An adverb can also modify another adverb. Moo "more," for example, can modify sukoshi, chotto, ichido, etc.

Examples
1. Moo sukoshi nomimasen ka.
"Won't you drink a little more?"
2. Moo chotto kaimasu.
"I'll buy a little more."

Some adverbs are always followed by a negative predicate. Amari used on the sixth line of Dialogue 6-2 is one of them. Amari ... arimasen means "not very" or "not so."

Examples
1. Kore wa amari yoku arimasen.
"This is not very good."
2. Kono sandaru wa amari kiree ja arimasen.
"This pair of sandals isn't so pretty."
VII. Volitional form, or -oo form of -masu : - Mashoo
The volitional form indicates the speaker's will to do something.
Examples
1. lkimasu.
"Someone* goes." or " Someone* will go."
2. Ikimashoo.
"Let's go." or "I will go."
3. lkimashoo ka.
"Shall we go?" or "Shall I go?"
(*"Someone" may be the speaker.)
In the example above, ikimasu shows a habitual action or a future action of an actor. Ikimashoo shows the will of more than two persons including the speaker's
willingness to do something for other persons in the group.

VIII. Volitional form,or -oo form of desu : Deshoo
Deshoo replaces desu in a question and makes it sound more polite.

Examples
1. Donna no ga yoroshii deshoo ka.
"What kind (of thing) would you like?"
2. Kore wa ikaga deshoo ka.
"How would you like this one?"
Deshoo also indicates the speaker's supposition.

Examples
1. Kono kusuri ga ii deshoo.
"This medicine may be good."
2. Are wa koogakubu no tatemono deshoo.
"I guess that is a building of the Faculty of Engineering."
3. Ruinsan wa genki deshoo.
"Mr. Lwin may be fine."